[Stress, anxiety, and depression in health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic]. / Estrés, ansiedad y depresión en trabajadores de salud durante la pandemia por COVID-19.

Background: Mental health is an integral part of health. Having some psychiatric condition without treatment predisposes to a poor quality of life. These alterations have been found with an incidence of up to 50% in the general population. There are very few studies in Mexico on these conditions in health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To determine the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in health workers. Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study was conducted on health workers in a tertiary hospital, through the application of randomized and self-completed surveys, in search of levels of stress, anxiety, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: 44.7% of those surveyed showed depression, 83.1% anxiety, and 66.3% stress. The main groups affected were female staff, singles, and medical residents. Those with type 2 diabetes mellitus had higher anxiety and depression. Conclusion: The prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression in health workers is similar to that of the general population in our study. Depression was the alteration most found. The scrutiny of alterations in mental health in health workers is of the utmost importance, with greater emphasis in the context of the aforementioned pandemic.

Introducción: la salud mental es parte integral de la salud. Tener algún padecimiento psiquiátrico sin tratamiento predispone a una mala calidad de vida. Estas alteraciones se han encontrado con una prevalencia de hasta 50% en la población general. En México hay muy pocos estudios acerca de la incidencia de dichos padecimientos en los trabajadores de la salud durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de estrés, ansiedad y depresión durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en los trabajadores de la salud de un hospital de tercer nivel. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional transversal, descriptivo en los trabajadores de la salud de un hospital de tercer nivel, mediante la aplicación de encuestas aleatorizadas y autocomplementadas, en búsqueda de grado de estrés, ansiedad y depresión, durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Resultados: el 44.7% de los encuestados presentó depresión, 83.1% ansiedad y 66.3% estrés. Los principales grupos afectados fueron el personal femenino, solteros y médicos residentes. Aquellos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 tuvieron mayor incidencia de ansiedad y depresión. Conclusión: la presencia de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en los trabajadores de la salud es similar a la de la población general en nuestro estudio. La depresión fue la alteración más encontrada. Es de suma importancia el escrutinio de alteraciones en la salud mental en los trabajadores de la salud, con mayor énfasis en el contexto de la pandemia mencionada.

Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Effect on Mono-Strain of Streptococcus mutans of Orthodontic Cements Reinforced with Chlorhexidine-Modified Nanotubes.

Recently, several studies have introduced nanotechnology into the area of dental materials with the aim of improving their properties. The objective of this study is to determine the antibacterial and mechanical properties of type I glass ionomers reinforced with halloysite nanotubes modified with 2% chlorhexidine at concentrations of 5% and 10% relative to the total weight of the powder used to construct each sample. Regarding antibacterial effect, 200 samples were established and distributed into four experimental groups and six control groups (4 +ve and 2 -ve), with 20 samples each. The mechanical properties were evaluated in 270 samples, assessing microhardness (30 samples), compressive strength (120 samples), and setting time (120 samples). The groups were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the antibacterial activity of the ionomers was evaluated on Streptococcus mutans for 24 h. The control and positive control groups showed no antibacterial effect, while the experimental group with 5% concentration showed a zone of growth inhibition between 11.35 mm and 11.45 mm, and the group with 10% concentration showed a zone of growth inhibition between 12.50 mm and 13.20 mm. Statistical differences were observed between the experimental groups with 5% and 10% nanotubes. Regarding the mechanical properties, microhardness, and setting time, no statistical difference was found when compared with control groups, while compressive strength showed higher significant values, with ionomers modified with 10% concentration of nanotubes resulting in better compressive strength values. The incorporation of nanotubes at concentrations of 5% and 10% effectively inhibited the presence of S. mutans, particularly when the dose-response relationship was taken into account, with the advantage of maintaining and improving their mechanical properties.